(1) Environmental elements. Environmental elements, also called environmental matrix, are the basic material components that constitute the whole human environment, which are independent, different in nature and obey the overall evolution law. It usually refers to natural environment elements, including atmosphere, water, biology, rock, soil, sound, light, radioactivity, electromagnetic radiation, etc. The environmental elements constitute the structural units of the environment, and the environmental structural units constitute the environment as a whole or called the environmental system. Lanzhou Environmental Impact Assessment Report

(2) Environmental remote sensing. The general term of various technologies and methods used to study the current situation, dynamic changes and development trends of human life and production environment, as well as various environmental factors with remote sensing technology. Specifically, it uses optical and electronic instruments to receive the reflected or radiated electromagnetic wave information of the measured object from high altitude (or long distance), and processes it into recognizable images or information that can be processed by computers to reveal the shape, type, nature and change law of the environment such as atmosphere, land, ocean, etc.

(3) Environmental disasters. In addition to natural variation factors, disasters caused by environmental degradation caused by human activities are another important cause of disasters. The meteorological and hydrological disasters include flood, rainstorm, drought, frost, snow disaster, sandstorm, storm surge and seawater intrusion. Geological and geomorphic disasters include earthquake, collapse, avalanche, landslide, debris flow, groundwater funnel and land subsidence.

(4) Environmental zoning. The environmental zone is divided into environmental element zoning, environmental status and function zoning, and comprehensive environmental zoning.

(5) Environment background value. During the formation and development of water, soil, atmosphere, biology and other elements in the environment, the normal content of chemical element components that have not been affected by external pollution is also called the environmental background value.

(6) Environmental self purification. The pollutants entering the environment are degraded and eliminated with the change of time.

(7) Water source protection. Legal and technical measures for the water source area to ensure the quality of drinking water.

(8) Water quality shall be sampled at different points. In order to reflect the quality of water environment, determine the monitoring sampling points and collect all water samples Process.

(9) Water quality monitoring. The analysis process of analyzing and determining the surface water, groundwater, industrial and domestic sewage, drinking water and other water quality by using physical, chemical and biological analysis technology.